source stringclasses 8
values | bucket stringclasses 2
values | prefix stringlengths 1 77.4k | sampled stringlengths 1 107k | gold stringlengths 1 86.8k | n_undo int64 0 2.43k | is_clean bool 2
classes | judge_verdict stringclasses 3
values | judge_flipped bool 2
classes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
fineweb | mid | The Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) spacecraft is expected to discover its 1,000TH comet this summer.
The SOHO spacecraft is a joint effort between NASA and the European Space Agency. It has accounted for approximately one-half of all comet discoveries with computed orbits in the history of astronomy.
"Before... | , with 62 members, all in the inner solar system, and with 12 members in the outer solar system; and the Kogut, with 96 members, all in the outer solar system.
The Comet Research Group at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center led work on these discoveries before the launch of the SOHO spacecraft. The research involved sat... | , with at least 21 members; and the Kracht, with 24 members. These groups are named after the astronomers who suggested the comets are related, because they have similar orbits.
Many comet discoveries were made by amateurs using SOHO images on the Internet. SOHO comet hunters come from all over the world. The United St... | 1,024 | false | WRONG | false |
fineweb | mid | Nausea and vomiting - adults
Nausea is the feeling of having an urge to vomit. It is often called being sick to your stomach.
Vomiting or throwing up is forcing the contents of the stomach up through the esophagus and out of the mouth.
Emesis; Vomiting; Stomach upset; Upset stomach
Many common problems may cause nausea... |
If the vomiting is from an infection, such as gastroenteritis, the doctor may tell you to drink fluids while staying hydrated.
Dietary changes may help relieve an upset stomach and improve your mood:
- Eat small meals every 3-4 hours and keep eating if you feel nauseous
- If you have nausea and vomiting, avoid eating ... |
Severe stomach or belly pain
Vomited three or more times in 1 day
Signs of dehydration include:
- Crying without tears
- Dry mouth
- Increased thirst
- Eyes that appear sunken
- Skin changes -- for example, if you touch or squeeze the skin, it doesn't bounce back the way it usually does
- Urinating less often or havin... | 1,024 | false | WRONG | false |
fineweb | mid | Deaths in Moscow have doubled to an average of 700 people a day as the Russian capital is engulfed by poisonous smog from wildfires and a sweltering heat wave, a top health official said today, according to the Associated Press.
The Russian newspaper Pravda reported: “Moscow is suffocating. Thick toxic smog has been co... | to heat anomalies found in areas of the US far northern or western U.S., where temperatures were above the national average for the same month.
Heatwaves are not limited to Russia, either. In the same time period, July 20-27, 2010, the Atlantic Ocean experienced below-average temperatures in the northern Gulf of Engla... | to areas of intense drought and wildfire activity.
Bloomberg reported that 558 active fires covering 179,596 hectares (693 square miles) were burning across the Russian Federation as of August 6, 2010. Voice of America reported that smoke from forest fires around the Russian capital forced flight restrictions at Mosco... | 1,024 | false | WRONG | false |
fineweb | mid | Summer is usually the time for beach fun and barbeques but if you're stuck inside with a miserable cold, you may be sick longer than usual.
Medical experts are now saying that summer cold | s are much less common than previously thought, and that in the worst cases, they don't last much longer.
A national expert opinion published in the British Medical Journal on 23 October suggests that the colds may be caused by fewer people having the flu virus, and thus are "much less common than previously thought".
... | s can last longer and have a higher chance of recurring than winter colds.
Winter viruses that cause upper respiratory infections are joined in the warmer months by enterovirus. This virus spread by coughing, sneezing and fecal matter. On top of the typical common cold symptoms, enterovirus can cause diarrhea, sore thr... | 1,024 | false | WRONG | false |
fineweb | mid | Title IX built generation of better athletesby Alex Friedrich, Minnesota Public Radio
ST. PAUL, Minn. — For the girls at this year's Minnesota high school track and field championships, Title IX is a lesson in a history book.
The sports it helped open up now dominate the lives of many of the girls.
Take 18-year-old Ait... |
Alyssa is 15 percent of the girls who are part of the camp. But she and her teammates have been on campus since the start of the 2008-09 school year.
In the summer, the University of St. Thomas girls make the All-American team through the state championships.
The school also hosts a girls' lacrosse league, which is le... |
With each generation since Title IX, female athletes have grown bigger, stronger and faster, said Mary Jo Kane, director of the University of Minnesota's center for research on women's sports.
"They are infinitely more gifted than they have ever been," Kane said. "And it is a direct result of the decision of Title IX.... | 0 | true | ACCEPTABLE | true |
fineweb | mid | A surprising amount of what we think we know about the brain comes from neuropsychology; famous case studies such as HM have informed theories of memory so that they include short and long term storage, which are separable, and so on. These case studies can have a profound effect on research; my favourite story, though... | of movement.
There was a lot more to the story than they presented. Goodale and Milner showed that DF's left occipitoparietal connection was stronger than the dorsolateral occipitoparietal connection. This was consistent with the idea that perception was more task-related, and the dorsal stream, more attentional than ... | of action. This perception-action hypothesis has been hugely dominant in the field, and the theory rests heavily on DF's shoulders.
Recently, Thomas Schenk (2012a) published some data which claims to show that DF's visually guided reaching is not normal if she doesn't have access to haptic feedback about the object. H... | 173 | false | WRONG | false |
fineweb | mid | Cougar sightings in Louisiana not that long ago were considered figments of the imagination of spooked hunters, hikers and others in the outdoors.
A citizen sent LDWF a trail camera picture taken Aug. 13, 2011. LDWF Large Carnivore Program Manager Maria Davidson and biologist Brandon Wear conducted a site investigation... | early 2004 and were identified with a DNA analysis.
In 2007, LDWF’s Louisiana Wildlife Division confirmed a cougar was sighted in a photo taken by Lake Fausse Point State Park employee David Lee. There was an additional photo taken on Aug. 19, 2007 (below). DNA analysis confirmed the photo was from a cougar in captivi... | Winn, Vernon and Allen parishes in 2008. Subsequently on Nov. 30, 2008, a cougar was shot and killed in a neighborhood by Bossier City Police Department.
The mountain lion, cougar, panther or puma are names that all refer to the same animal. Their color ranges from lighter tan to brownish grey. The only species of big... | 1,025 | false | WRONG | false |
fineweb | mid | A POTENTIALLY deadly and virulent bug that attacks the gut may soon be treated with the most stomach-churning of remedies.
A study published on Thursday in The New England Journal of Medicine has found transplanting human faeces into people with the superbug Clostridium difficile provided an almost universal cure for t... | by transplanting the human gut's natural, healthy bacteria back into the body, which will then help to fight off the problem.
The breakthrough could soon be adapted - possibly even modified - to the needs of other populations, including children and the elderly, and the study is the first of its kind to establish whet... | by replacing the healthy bacteria in the gut that have been wiped out by antibiotics. For the past 20 years an Australian, Thomas Borody, has pioneered the treatment, although its use has been traced back thousands of years.
''This study is monumental,'' Professor Borody said.
The research found nearly 94 per cent of ... | 1,024 | false | WRONG | false |
fineweb | mid | Source: The Pennsylvania Center for the Book
Date: Summer 2010
Byline: Jim Byrne
The Philadelphia Lazaretto: A Most Unloved Institution
In mid-July 1800, the U.S.S. Ganges, on the U.S. Navy’s earliest warships, encountered two American schooners, the Phebe and the Prudent, while navigating the Straits of Florida. These... | a chapter written at that time — “have been a constant and important part of our story, and we have never before had such a great or such a great many of them taken among us as they are now” (The Ganges and the U.S.S. Prudent in the Caribbean).
The scene is of the captured African males, women, and children, not to me... | the name bestowed upon them after many were given the surname Ganges — were part of one of the first slave trade violation cases confronted by the newly-established Federal judicial system. Their story exemplifies the ideological clashes that were occurring in the young nation and that would eventually boil over into ... | 1,024 | false | WRONG | false |
fineweb | mid | By Rob Coppinger in London
European hypersonic civil transport project heats up as three concepts undergo trials
An aircraft capable of flying five times the speed of sound and reaching Sydney in between two and four hours from Brussels is the leading design in | Europe’s hypersonic civil transport projects. Several European governments have begun to invest heavily in hypersonic civil transport technologies and are seeking to develop a transport network that connects Europe to the Global South.
These countries have been active in developing hypersonic transport technologies fo... | a €7 million European research project to find a hypersonic civilian airliner replacement to the supersonic Concorde.
A Mach 5 civil transport aircraft designed by a UK team is leading a pack of three concepts undergoing preliminary studies for the three-year, €7 million ($9 million) European hypersonic research proje... | 1,023 | false | WRONG | false |
fineweb | mid | Using the same pool of data, the researchers identified a significant drop in overall daily calorie consumption as people got older. The median energy intake among men age 81 and older was 1,733 calories a day, compared to 2,668 calories per day ingested by men in the age group 19 to 30. For women, median energy intake... | getting 1,000 mg of calcium per day, whereas for postmenopausal women, the recommendation is 1,200 mg. | to consume 1,000 mg daily, while women are recommended to increase consumption to 1,200 mg daily.
Kerstetter adds that calcium intake from the diet should come first and foremost.
Typically, one serving of dairy (1 cup of milk, 6 ounces of yogurt, or 1.5 ounces of cheese) provides 300 milligrams of calcium. If a perso... | 0 | true | ACCEPTABLE | true |
fineweb | mid | Nordic Cool 2013: Literature Panel: The Secret Behind the Northern Lights
In this interactive session, Norwegian solar physicist Pål Brekke utilizes photos and video footage from NASA satellites to discuss the visual phenomenon known as the Northern Lights.
- Sat., Mar. 2, 2013, 10:30 AM
- Terrace Gallery
Please use th... | in 1982. He then spent seven years at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, now part of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in Menlo Park, CA, where he served as the chief laser science scientist. He was the chief science officer from 1980 to 1984. He then served as a principal research officer from 1986 to 1... | in 1982. His research interests have included the linear and non-linear theory of hydromagnetic waves; hydromagnetic instabilities due to energetic particle beams, resonance absorption in inhomogeneous plasmas, the acceleration of high speed wind streams in solar and stellar coronal holes, and plasma heating in closed... | 1,024 | false | WRONG | false |
fineweb | mid | As a holistic veterinarian, I feel it is incredibly important to take the whole
animal into consideration when it comes to nutrition. And, whenever practical, my
preference is to provide nutrients, minerals and vitamins in their natural forms.
In this post, I’d like to talk to you specifically about vitamin E, to revie... | cells die and tissue becomes infertile,
which can cause organ dysfunction and other health issues.
We learn that vitamin E – found in all foods, but especially in nuts and seeds – plays
a key role in protecting cells from oxidative damage. This protection is especially
important because of the increase in diet–related... | molecules known as free radicals steal
pieces from other cells, like fat, protein or DNA. The damage can spread, damaging
and killing entire groups of cells. While peroxidation can be useful to destroy
old cells or germs and parasites, when left unchecked, free radicals produced by
peroxidation also damages healthy ce... | 1,023 | false | WRONG | false |
fineweb | mid | 3.1 Systematic Errors
Systematic errors are uncertainties in the bias of the data. A simple example is the zeroing of an instrument such as a voltmeter. If the voltmeter is not correctly zeroed before use, then all values measured by the voltmeter will be biased, i.e., offset by some constant amount or factor. However,... | . There are many sources of systematic errors that may result from the instrument's design and application. In this section we outline a few in practical use.
3.1.1 Systematic errors due to environmental conditions
One very common source of systematic error is the ambient temperature or, more generally, the temperature... | . This value may be small, but it sets a limit on the degree of certainty in the measurements and thus to the conclusions that can be drawn.
An important point to be clear about is that a systematic error implies that all measurements in a set of data taken with the same instrument are shifted in the same direction by ... | 0 | true | ACCEPTABLE | true |
fineweb | mid | There are times when I want to create an ad hoc network to share files or a network connection. Here are the steps to create an ad hoc network in Windows 7.
- Click on Start (Windows icon) and type wireless. Click on Manage wireless networks.
- Click on Add to add a network.
- Click on Create an ad | hoc network.
- As you type in the address, you will be prompted to select the physical or virtual address. Select the physical address if you want to connect to the computer directly or select the virtual address if you want to connect to the computer using the internet.
- Click on the Create button.
Your network is r... | hoc network.
- Click on Next.
- Enter a name for your network and configure the security options. Click on Next when you are done.
[Update: 3/21/2009] If you are interested in setting up an ad hoc network with encryption, please see this post.
[Update: 8/17/2010] Please see my latest post about setting an ad hoc netwo... | 113 | false | WRONG | false |
fineweb | mid | Prizes and Celebrations in Brazil
UNESCO Brasilia Office usually promotes national events in partnership with various organizations to celebrate the International Days, Years and Decades proclaimed by the General Assembly of the United Nations in order to mark important aspects of human life and history. The Office and... | is to be awarded annually to one of the most distinguished research works of 35 young Brazilian researchers who have shown their outstanding scientific potential in recent months during the conference on Research and Development "Brasília, Rio, or São Paulo?" (Rio de Janeiro, 16-19 November 1996). The winner is presen... | was created by the Specialized Meeting on Science and Technology of MERCOSUR - RECyT in 1998. Since the 2004 Call, the Award has had the partnership of UNESCO and has changed its title to MERCOSUR Science and Technology Award, comprising two categories: “Young Researchers”, up to 35 years old, and “Integration”, for a... | 1,023 | false | WRONG | false |
fineweb | mid | a programme established by the US government in 1947 to give economic help | to war-torn European nations, was significantly delayed after World War II, especially when faced with the political interference of the Soviet Union. Britain was one of the world's largest producers of steel, and although many developed nations were able to build their own steel industries, Britain had significant ad... | to Europe after World War II. It was named after George C. Marshall, who was the US Secretary of State. Thousands of millions of dollars were provided for rebuilding cities, roads, industries etc
Definition from the Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English Advanced Learner's Dictionary.
Dictionary pictures of the da... | 390 | false | WRONG | false |
fineweb | mid | When set to hair mode, particle system creates only static particles, which may be used for hair, fur, grass and the like.
The first step is to create the hair, specifying the amount of hair strands and their lengths.
The complete path of the particles is calculated in advance. So everything a particle does a hair may ... | a particle set containing only hairs. This is the same as in the Particle Mode by default. | a mesh be deformed along the curves, which is useful for thicker strands, or things like grass, or feathers, which may have a more specific look.
- Regrow Hair for each frame.
- Enables advanced settings which reflect the same ones as working in Emitter mode.
- Set the amount of hair strands. Use as little particles a... | 0 | true | ACCEPTABLE | true |
fineweb | mid | Conservation work completed on one of Glasgow’s most historic buildings
27 February 2013
Glasgow Cathedral has recently received £30,000 worth of conservation work by Historic Scotland to repair the damage inflicted by last year’s gales.
Despite being the only medieval cathedral on the Scottish mainland to have survive... | , District Architect, Historic Scotland, explained: "If we were not careful, the approach might have been different and we would have found the problem earlier as well."
The work will see the roof, steeple and roof beam be rescreened, and the spike and tail replaced with a weathercock. On top of that the steeple will b... | said: “The only way of accessing the spire head was by climbing up inside the steeple using steep narrow ladders and squeezing and crawling through small windows at the apex. Making repairs at this sort of height has its challenges but it's always worth it for the view!”
Now that the necessary repairs are complete, th... | 1,024 | false | WRONG | false |
fineweb | mid | Problem 367Published on Saturday, 14th January 2012, 10:00 pm; Solved by 247
Bozo sort, not to be confused with the slightly less efficient bogo sort, consists out of checking if the input sequence is sorted and if not swapping randomly two elements. This is repeated until eventually the sequence is sorted.
If we consi... | over all permutations, is given by .
In the average number of swaps, however, we have
We can therefore say that in the worst case (given a random input sequence input) the expected number of swaps is . | over all 4! input sequences is 24.75.
The already sorted sequence takes 0 steps.
In this problem we consider the following variant on bozo sort.
If the sequence is not in order we pick three elements at random and shuffle these three elements randomly.
All 3!=6 permutations of those three elements are equally likely.
... | 45 | false | WRONG | false |
fineweb | mid | Recently there has been a substantial increase in the attention being paid to Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) by the media, state and federal natural resource agencies, and hunters and outdoor enthusiasts. The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) developed this page to provide background information on... | near its body or feed on its stomach. Tell us immediately if you harvest one that displays symptoms of CWD. If you have any questions, the FWC hotline is the best place to get answers.
To report a possible deer showing symptoms of CWD to the FWC:
1. If you see a deer that appears unwell, keep it in a shelter so the de... | but call the CWD hotline. A biologist will collect the deer and take it to a lab for a necropsy. In addition, we will be collecting and testing tissue samples from hunter-killed deer during the hunting season. All CWD test results will be posted on this site as they are received. Click here for Florida CWD test result... | 1,024 | false | WRONG | false |
fineweb | mid | Seeing wildlife when on a camp out can be a real highlight of your adventure. These sightings can be a real treat but can also be dangerous. Attacks by mountain lions on humans have happened but are rare. Knowing what to do when you’re caught in this situation is very important.
Mountain lions are also known as pumas, ... | be spotted, be prepared to be shot.
Mountain lions live in dense forest habitat in the southwestern United States and North America. They are a very dangerous and intelligent predator. They are often found in the mountains and foothills of the southwestern United states. In this country, they are usually spotted in ol... | come upon one of these cougars, think smart. Cluster together with your hiking companions, representing yourself as a big, noisy group. If you’re hiking alone, extend your arms or pack up as high as you can so you look bigger. Wave your trekking poles and shout. Never run or bend down as this will make you look like p... | 1,024 | false | WRONG | false |
fineweb | mid | A new anti-bullying program combats an ever increasing issue among Utah schoolchildren: bullied because of body-size issues, either being overweight or underweight, a University of Utah study released Sunday concluded.
Maya Miyairi, a College of Health doctorate-candidate student, said that a survey found a 7 percent d... |
"Kids really understand bullying, and as much as they would rather not, they can't do it," Miyairi said. "When they're told they should⦠they could be so afraid of being in that group that they just can't do it."
Another barrier is that there is little research on the subject and the programs are more effective when ... |
"We're educating the kids that this is not acceptable and to become leaders for others," Miyairi said. "We want to teach empathy as a core value. We tell the students: Next year, new students will come here and copy what you do now."
Miyairi, who came to Utah from her native Japan, said a significant component of her ... | 535 | false | WRONG | false |
fineweb | mid | There are many interactions between fisheries, including aquaculture and capture fisheries as well as their intermediate forms in freshwater and marine environments, and other uses of the aquatic systems such as agriculture, flood control, power generation, tourism, mining, transportation, land development (e.g. housin... | and sustain productivity. The main objectives are to ensure that there is a balance of the natural resources (aquatic and terrestrial) and that the net loss of natural resources is minimised. One of the main concerns is the issue of eutrophication and red tides, which are major threats to fishery resources (e.g. in th... | despite obvious implementation difficulties. The integrated management of watersheds, river basins and coastal areas (and of productive ecosystems in general) aims at managing sectoral components as parts of a functional whole. The overall objective of better integration between fisheries and other sectors in policy d... | 1,024 | false | WRONG | false |
fineweb | mid | Cruisin' Comet (December 21, 2004)
Hi-res TIF (3.0M)
Casually arcing above the Sun (from right to left in these SOHO LASCO views) this
week, comet SOHO-884 was first
seen by SOHO on Dec. 16, 2004. For the first couple of days in the video clip the
comet's tail is clearly
discernible, but then due to our viewing angle i... | 4th comet discovered by SOHO so far. However, just why this comet is so far out there and still so far away is not clear. Also, SOHO will be sending data back to Earth in July and we will not have the chance to see this comet until that time. Also, since Comet 1P/Halley is thought to have been born in 600 BC, one would... | 4th comet discovered by SOHO since its launch in December, 1995.
Comets are frozen balls of ice and dust that are believed to have been created when the universe was very young. In fact, scheduled for July 2005, NASA's Deep Impact's spacecraft will arrive at Comet Tempel 1 and become the first mission to impact the sur... | 1,024 | false | WRONG | false |
RollbackTraj
On-policy rollback trajectories for training a parameterized <UNDO>N</UNDO>
command that deletes the last N visible tokens. sampled ships already cut at
the last sentence boundary for prose, or newline boundary for code
(the_stack), so consumers need no sentence segmentation.
How these rows were made
Qwen/Qwen3.5-0.8B-Base free-samples a continuation from a document prefix. The prompt
was the bare prefix, with no leading BOS token. A row is clean when the sample never departs from the reference.
Each document is truncated to --max-doc-tokens and cut at a fraction drawn per document from
[--prefix-frac-min, --prefix-frac-max]; the head is the prefix and the rest is gold. Sampling stops
at --max-new-tokens or at EOS. Settings the shards were sampled with (one line per tranche):
--max-new-tokens 1024 --max-doc-tokens 4096 --prefix-frac-min 0.1 --prefix-frac-max 0.8 --temperature 0.9--max-new-tokens 2048 --max-doc-tokens 16384 --prefix-frac-min 0.1 --prefix-frac-max 0.8 --temperature 0.9
google/gemma-4-12B then labels each non-clean row WRONG or ACCEPTABLE by whether the
sampled continuation is factually consistent with the prefix and internally
plausible. Similarity to the reference is explicitly not the judging standard.
Continuations shown to the judge are capped at 8,000 characters, head kept.
Token-count correctness note
CRITICAL: n_undo is a TOKEN count under the Qwen/Qwen3.5-0.8B-Base tokenizer, NOT a
character offset. It is exactly the token count of the exported sampled text
under that tokenizer. A consumer using a different tokenizer must recompute N as
len(tokenizer.encode(sampled, add_special_tokens=False)) rather than trusting
the stored value.
Schema
All text is model-agnostic; no token IDs and no rollback marker are stored. The
marker spelling is model-family-specific, so a consumer renders it: a clean row
(is_clean) is prefix + sampled with no command, a rollback row is
prefix + sampled + <marker>n_undo</marker> + gold.
| Field | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
source |
string | Source subset name. |
bucket |
string | Context-length bucket: mid or long. |
prefix |
string | Document prefix given to the sampler. |
sampled |
string | Sampled continuation, pre-cut at a sentence boundary for prose or a newline boundary for code. |
gold |
string | Reference continuation. |
n_undo |
int64 | Token count of the exported sampled text; tokenizer-specific. Clean rows carry 0. |
is_clean |
bool | Whether the sampled continuation needs no rollback. |
judge_verdict |
string | Judge verdict, or an empty string for unjudged rows. |
judge_flipped |
bool | Whether judging converted the row between clean and rollback forms. |
Per-source statistics
| Config | Rows | No-boundary drops | Post-cut no-divergence drops | Bad-verdict drops | WRONG | ACCEPTABLE | Clean | Median N | P95 N | Median prefix chars | Median sampled chars | Median gold chars |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| fineweb | 479,892 | 108 | 0 | 0 | 410,496 | 69,252 | 69,396 | 1024 | 1,024 | 1177 | 4424 | 1474 |
| cosmopedia | 479,985 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 273,679 | 206,254 | 206,306 | 839 | 1,024 | 1469 | 3520 | 1899 |
| wikipedia | 479,412 | 582 | 0 | 0 | 419,332 | 59,312 | 60,080 | 1021 | 1,024 | 855 | 2752 | 1070 |
| the_stack | 474,841 | 4,606 | 550 | 0 | 373,964 | 98,561 | 100,877 | 996 | 1,023 | 1077 | 2530 | 1370 |
| openwebmath | 479,823 | 176 | 1 | 0 | 400,854 | 77,863 | 78,969 | 1024 | 1,024 | 1154 | 2776 | 1405 |
| pg19_mid | 28,602 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 27,354 | 1,247 | 1,248 | 1024 | 1,024 | 7284 | 4006 | 8957 |
| pg19_long | 28,601 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 28,323 | 276 | 278 | 2048 | 2,048 | 27754 | 7947 | 34213 |
| govreport_long | 17,519 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17,462 | 56 | 57 | 2048 | 2,048 | 17023 | 10188 | 21692 |
Known limitations
Nmarks a truncation boundary, not a semantically located error boundary.n_undoisQwen/Qwen3.5-0.8B-Base-tokenizer-specific.- No decontamination against downstream evaluation sets has been applied.
Upstream sources, attribution, and licenses
The dataset has mixed upstream terms. Consumers must follow each source's license and terms rather than treating this dataset card as relicensing the underlying text.
| Subset | Upstream source | License / terms |
|---|---|---|
| fineweb | HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu | ODC-By 1.0; Common Crawl Terms of Use also apply |
| cosmopedia | HuggingFaceTB/smollm-corpus, cosmopedia-v2 | ODC-By 1.0 |
| wikipedia | wikimedia/wikipedia | CC BY-SA 3.0 and GFDL; some pages have additional terms |
| the_stack | bigcode/the-stack | Per-file permissive licenses and The Stack Terms of Use; no single corpus license |
| openwebmath | open-web-math/open-web-math | ODC-By 1.0; underlying-source licenses and Common Crawl Terms of Use remain applicable |
| pg19_mid | emozilla/pg19, a Parquet mirror of DeepMind PG-19 / Project Gutenberg | Books are pre-1919 Project Gutenberg works; public-domain status is jurisdiction-dependent and Project Gutenberg terms apply |
| pg19_long | emozilla/pg19, a Parquet mirror of DeepMind PG-19 / Project Gutenberg | Books are pre-1919 Project Gutenberg works; public-domain status is jurisdiction-dependent and Project Gutenberg terms apply |
| govreport_long | GovReport from LAUNCH | CC BY 4.0 |
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